An Act to alter and amend the several acts imposing duties on imports.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, so much of the act entitled "An act in alteration of the several acts imposing duties on imports," approved the nineteenth May, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight, as is herein otherwise provided for, shall be repealed, except so far as the same may be necessary for the recovery and collection of all duties which shall have accrued under the said act; and for the recovery, collection, distribution, and remission of all fines, penalties, and forfeitures, which may have been incurred under the same.

SEC. 2.And be it further enacted, That, from and after the third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, in lieu of the duties now imposed by law, on the importation of the articles hereinafter mentioned, there shall be levied, collected, and paid, the following duties, that is to say:

First. Wool, unmanufactured, the value whereof, at the place of exportation, shall not exceed eight cents per pound, shall be imported free of duty; and if any wool so imported shall be fine wool mixed with dirt or other material, and thus reduced in value to eight cents per pound, or under, the appraisers shall appraise said wool at such price as in their opinion it would have cost had it not been so mixed, and a duty thereon shall be charged in conformity with such appraisal; on wool, unmanufactured, the value whereof, at the place of exportation, shall exceed eight cents, shall be levied four cents per pound, and forty per centum ad valorem: Provided, That wool imported on the skin shall be estimated, as to weight and value, as other wool.

Second. On all milled and fulled cloth, known by the name of plains, kerseys, or kendal cottons, of which wool shall be the only material, the value whereof shall not exceed thirty-five cents a square yard, five per centum ad valorem; on worsted stuff goods, shawls and other manufactures of silk and worsted, ten per centum ad valorem; on worsted yarn, twenty per centum ad valorem; on woollen yarn, four cents per pound, and fifty per centum ad valorem; on mits, gloves, bindings, blankets, hosiery, and carpets and carpeting, twenty-five per centum, except Brussels, Wilton, and treble ingrained carpeting, which shall be at sixty-three cents the square yard; all other ingrained and Venetian carpeting, at thirty-five cents the square yard; and except blankets, the value whereof at the place from whence exported, shall not exceed seventy-five cents each, the duty to be levied upon which, shall be five per centum ad valorem; on flannels, bockings, and baizes, sixteen cents the square yard; on coach laces, thirty-five per centum; and upon merino shawls made of wool, all other manufactures of wool, or of which wool is a component part, and on ready-made clothing, fifty per centum ad valorem.

Third. On all manufactures of cotton, or of which cotton shall be a component part, twenty-five per centum ad valorem, excepting cotton twist, yarn, and thread, which shall remain at the rate of duty fixed by the act to amend the several acts imposing duties on imports, of twenty-second May, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-four; And provided, That all manufactures of cotton, or of which cotton shall be a component part, not dyed, colored, printed, or stained, not exceeding in value thirty cents the square yard, shall be valued at thirty cents per square yard, and if dyed, colored, printed, or stained, in whole or in part, not exceeding in value thirty-five cents the square yard, shall be valued at thirty-five cents per square yard; and on nankeens, imported direct from China, twenty per centum ad valorem.

Fourth. On all stamped, printed or painted floor cloths, forty-three cents a square yard; on oil cloths of all kinds, other than that usually denominated patent floor cloth, twelve and a half cents the square yard; and on floor matting, usually made of flags or other materials, five per centum ad valorem.

Fifth. On iron, in bars or bolts, not manufactured in whole or in part by rolling, ninety cents per one hundred and twelve pounds.

Sixth. On bar and bolt iron, made wholly or in part by rolling, thirty dollars per ton: Provided, That all iron in slabs, blooms, or other form less finished than iron in bars or bolts, and more advanced than pig iron, except castings, shall be rated as iron in bars or bolts, and pay duty accordingly.

Seventh. On iron in pigs, fifty cents per one hundred and twelve pounds, on vessels of cast iron, not otherwise specified, one and a half cents per pound; on all other castings of iron, not otherwise specified, one cent per pound.

Eighth. On iron or steel wire, not exceeding number fourteen, five cents per pound; exceeding number fourteen, nine cents per pound; on silvered or plated wire five per centum ad valorem; on cap or bonnet wire covered with silk, cotton, flaxen, yarn or thread, manufactured abroad, twelve cents per pound.

Ninth. On round iron or brazier's rods, of three-sixteenths to eight-sixteenths of an inch diameter, inclusive, and on iron in nail or spike rods, or nail plates, slit, rolled, or hammered, and on iron in sheets, and hoop iron, and on iron, slit, rolled, or hammered for band iron, scroll iron, or casement rods, three cents per pound; on iron spikes, four cents per pound; on iron nails, cut or wrought, five cents per pound; on tacks, brads, and sprigs, not exceeding sixteen ounces to the thousand, five cents per thousand; exceeding sixteen ounces to the thousand, five cents per pound; on square wire used for the manufacture of stretchers for umbrellas, and cut in pieces not exceeding the length used therefor, twelve per centum ad valorem; on anvils and anchors, and all parts thereof, manufactured in whole or in part, two cents per pound; on iron cables or chains, or parts thereof, manufactured in whole or in part, three cents per pound, and no drawback shall be allowed on the exportation of iron cables or parts thereof; on mill cranks and mill irons of wrought iron, four cents per pound; on mill saws, one dollar each; on blacksmith's hammers and sledges, two and a half cents per pound; on muskets, one dollar and fifty cents per stand; on rifles, two dollars and fifty cents each; on all other firearms, thirty per centum ad valorem.

Tenth. On axes, adzes, hatchets, drawing knives, cutting knives, sickles or reaping hooks, scythes, spades, shovels, squares of iron or steel, plated, brass and polished steel saddlery, coach and harness furniture, of all descriptions, steelyards and scalebeams, socket chisels, vices and screws of iron, called woodscrews, thirty per centum ad valorem: on common tinned and japanned saddlery of all descriptions, ten per centum ad valorem: Provided, That said articles shall not be imported at a less rate of duty than would have been chargeable on the material constituting their chief value, if imported in an unmanufactured state.

Eleventh. On steel, one dollar and fifty cents per one hundred and twelve pounds.

Twelfth. On japanned wares of all kinds, on plated wares of all kinds, and on all manufactures, not otherwise specified, made of brass, iron, steel, pewter, or tin, or of which either of these metals is a component material, a duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem: Provided, That all articles manufactured in whole of sheet, rod, hoop, bolt, or bar iron, or of iron wire, or of which sheet, rod, hoop, bolt, or bar iron, or iron wire, shall constitute the greatest weight, and which are not otherwise specified, shall pay the same duty per pound that is charged by this act on sheet, rod, hoop, bolt, or bar iron, or on iron wire, of the same number, respectively: Provided, also, That the said last mentioned rates shall not be less than the said duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem.

Thirteenth. That all scrap and old iron shall pay a duty of twelve dollars and fifty cents per ton; that nothing shall be deemed old iron that has not been in actual use, and fit only to be re-manufactured; and all pieces of iron, except old, of more than six inches in length, or of sufficient length to be made into spikes and bolts, shall be rated as bar, bolt, rod, or hoop iron, as the case may be, and pay duty accordingly; all manufactures of iron, partly finished, shall pay the same rates of duty as if entirely finished; all vessels of cast iron, and all castings of iron, with handles, rings, hoops, or other addition of wrought iron, shall pay the same rates of duty as if made entirely of cast iron.

Fourteenth. On unmanufactured hemp, forty dollars per ton: sail duck, fifteen per centum ad valorem; and on cotton bagging, three and a half cents a square yard, without regard to the weight or width of the article: On felts or hat bodies made wholly, or in part, of wool, eighteen cents each.

Fifteenth. On all manufactures of silk, or of which silk shall be a component part, coining from beyond the Cape of Good Hope, ten per centum ad valorem, and on all other manufactures of silk, or of which silk is a component part, five per centum ad valorem, except sewing silk, which shall be forty per centum ad valorem.

Sixteenth. On brown sugar and syrup of sugar cane, in casks, two and a half cents per pound; and on white clayed sugar, three and one-third cents per pound.
Seventeenth. On salt, ten cents per fifty-six pounds.

Eighteenth. On old and scrap lead, two cents per pound.

Nineteenth. On teas of all kinds, imported from places this side the Cape of Good Hope, or in vessels other than those of the United States, ten cents per pound.

Twentieth. On slates of all kinds, twenty-five per centum ad valorem.

Twenty-first. On window glass not above eight by ten inches in size, three dollars per hundred square feet; not above ten by twelve inches, three dollars and fifty cents per hundred square feet; and if above ten by twelve inches, four dollars per hundred square feet: Provided, That all window glass imported in plates, uncut, shall be charged with the highest rates of duty hereby imposed. On all apothecaries' vials and bottles, exceeding the capacity of six and not exceeding the capacity of sixteen ounces each, two dollars and twenty-five cents the gross; all perfumery and fancy vials and bottles, not exceeding the capacity of four ounces each, two dollars and fifty cents the gross; and those exceeding four ounces, and not exceeding sixteen ounces each, three dollars and twenty-five cents the gross: on all wares of cut glass not specified, three cents per pound, and thirty per centum ad valorem: on black glass bottles not exceeding one quart, two dollars per gross: on black glass bottles exceeding one quart, two dollars and fifty cents per gross; on demijohns, twenty-five cents each, and on all other articles of glass not specified, two cents per pound, and twenty per centum; on paper hangings, forty per centum: on all Leghorn hats or bonnets, and on all hats or bonnets of straw, chip or grass, and all flats, braids, or plaits for making hats or bonnets, thirty per centum: on the following articles twelve and a half per centum ad valorem, namely, whalebone, the product of foreign fishing, raw silk, and dressed furs; and on the following articles twenty-five per centum ad valorem, namely, boards, planks, walking canes and sticks, frames or sticks for umbrellas and parasols, and all manufactures of wood not otherwise specified; copper vessels, and all manufactures of copper, not otherwise specified: all manufactures of hemp or flax, except yarn and cordage, tarred and untarred, ticklenburgs, osnaburgs, and burlaps, not otherwise specified; fans, artificial flowers, ornamental feathers, ornaments for head dresses, caps for women, and millinery of all kinds; comfits and sweetmeats of all kinds, preserved in sugar or brandy; umbrellas and parasols, of whatever materials made; parchment and vellum, wafers and black lead pencils, and brushes of all kinds. And on the following articles thirty per centum ad valorem, viz: cabinet wares; hats and caps of fur, leather, or wool, leather; whips, bridles, saddles, and on all manufactures of leather not otherwise specified; carriages and parts of carriages, and blank books; on boots and bootees, one dollar and fifty cents per pair; shoes of leather, other shoes and slippers of prunella, stuff, or nankin; also porcelain, china, stone, and earthen ware; musical instruments; and manufactures of marble, shall pay the present rates of duties.

Twenty-second. On olive oil, in casks, twenty cents a gallon.

Twenty-third. On the wines of France, namely, red wines, in casks, six cents a gallon; white wines, in casks, ten cents a gallon, and French wines of all sorts, in bottles, twenty-two cents a gallon; until the third day of March, eighteen hundred and thirty-four; and from and after that day one half of those rates respectively; and on all wines other than those of France, one half of their present rates of duty, respectively, from and after the day last aforesaid, Provided, That no higher duty shall be charged under this act, or any existing law, on the red wines of Austria than are now, or may be, by this act levied upon red wines of Spain when the said wines are imported in casks.

Twenty-fourth. On the following articles an ad valorem duty of fifteen per centum, namely, barley, grass or straw baskets, composition, wax, or amber beads; all other beads not otherwise enumerated, lamp black; indigo, bleached and unbleached linens; shell or paper boxes, hair bracelets, hair not made up for head dresses, bricks, paving tiles, brooms of hair or palm leaf, cashmere of Thibet, down of all kinds, feathers for beds.

Twenty-fifth. All articles not herein specified, either as free or as liable to a different duty, and which, by the existing laws, pay an ad valorem duty higher than fifteen per centum, to pay an ad valorem duty of fifteen per centum, from and after the said third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That, in addition to the articles exempted from duty by the existing laws, the following articles, imported from and after the third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, shall be exempted from duty; that is to say, teas of all kinds imported from China or other places east of the Cape of Good Hope, and in vessels of the United States, coffee, cocoa, almonds, currants, prunes, figs, raisins in jars and boxes, all other raisins, black pepper, ginger, mace, nutmegs, cinnamon, cassia, cloves, pimento, camphor, crude saltpetre, flax unmanufactured, quicksilver, opium, quills unprepared, tin in plates and sheets, unmanufactured marble, argol, gum arabic, gum senegal, epaulettes of gold and silver, lac dye, madder, madder root, nuts and berries used in dyeing, saffron, turmeric, woad or pastel; aloes, ambergris, Burgundy pitch, bark, Peruvian, cochineal, capers, chamomile flowers, coriander seed, cantharides, castanas, catsup, chalk, cocculus indicus, coral, dates, filberts, filtering stones, frankincense, grapes, gamboge, hemlock, henbane, horn plates for lanthorns, ox horns, other horns and tips, India rubber, ipecacuanha, ivory unmanufactured, juniper berries, musk, nuts of all kinds, olives, oil of juniper, paintings and drawings, rattans unmanufactured, reeds unmanufactured, rhubarb, rotten stone, tamarinds, tortoise shell, tin foil, shellac, sponges, sago, lemons, limes, pine apples, cocoa nuts and shells, iris or orris root, arrow root, bole ammoniac, Colombo root, annotto, annise-seed, oil of annise-seed, oil of cloves, cummin seed, sarsaparilla, balsam tolu, assafoetida, ava root, alcornoque, canella alba, cascarilla, haerlem oil, hartshorn, manna, senna, tapioca, vanilla beans, oil of almonds, nux vomica, amber, platina, busts of marble, metal or plaster, casts of bronze or plaster, strings of musical instruments, flints, kelp, kermes, pins, needles, mother of pearl, hair unmanufactured; hair pencils, Brazil paste, tartar crude, vegetables such as are used principally in dyeing and in composing dyes, weld, and all articles used principally for dyeing, coming under the duty of twelve and a half per centum, except bichromate of potash, prussiate of potash, chromate of potash, and nitrate of lead, aquafortis, and tartaric acids; all other dyeing drugs, and materials for composing dyes, all other medicinal drugs, and all articles not enumerated in this act nor the existing laws, and which are now liable to an ad valorem duty of fifteen per centum, except tartar emetic and Rochelle salts, sulphate of quinine, calomel and corrosive sublimate, sulphate of magnesia, glauber salts: Provided, That nothing in this act contained shall be so construed as to reduce the duties upon alum, copperas, manganese, muriatic or sulphuric acids, refined saltpetre, blue vitriol, carbonate of soda, red lead, white lead or litharge, sugar of lead or combs.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That, from and after the third day of March aforesaid, so much of any act of Congress as requires the addition of ten or twenty per centum to the cost or value of any goods, wares, or merchandise, in estimating the duty thereon, or as imposes any duty on such addition, shall be repealed.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That from and after the third day of March aforesaid, where the amount of duty on merchandise, except wool, manufactures of wool, or of which wool is a component part, imported into the United States, in any ship or vessel, on account of one person only, or of several persons jointly interested, shall not exceed two hundred dollars, the same shall be paid in cash without discount; and if it shall exceed that sum, shall, at the option of the importer or importers, be paid, or secured to be paid, in the manner now required by law, one half in three, and one half in six calendar months; and that, from and after the said third day of March, so much of the sixty-second section of the act entitled "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage," approved the second day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, as authorizes the deposit of teas under the bond of the importer or importers, shall be repealed: and that so much of any existing law as requires teas, when imported in vessels of the United States, from places beyond the Cape of Good Hope, to be weighed, marked and certified, shall be and the same is hereby repealed.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That, from and after the third day of March aforesaid, the duties on all wool, manufactures of wool, or of which wool is a component part, shall be paid in cash, without discount, or, at the option of the importer, be placed in the public stores, under bond, at his risk, subject to the payment of the customary storage and charges, and to the payment of interest at the rate of six per centum per annum while so stored: Provided, That the duty on the articles so stored shall be paid one half in three, and one half in six months from the date of importation: Provided, also, That if any instalment of duties be not paid when the same shall have become due, so much of the said merchandise as may be necessary to discharge such instalment shall be sold at public auction, and retaining the sum necessary for the payment of such instalment of the duties, together with the expenses of safe keeping and sale of such goods, the overplus, if any, shall be returned by the collector to the importer or owner, or to his agent or lawful representative; And provided also, That the importer, owner, or consignee of such goods, may, at any time after the deposit shall have been made, withdraw the whole or any part thereof, on paying the duties on what may be withdrawn, and the customary storage and charges, and of interest.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That in all cases where the duty which now is, or hereafter may be imposed on any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into the United States, shall, by law, be regulated by, or be directed to be estimated or levied upon, the value of the square yard, or of any other quantity or parcel thereof; and in all cases where there is or shall be imposed any ad valorem rate of duty on any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into the United States, it shall be the duty of the collector within whose district the same shall be imported or entered, to cause the actual value thereof, at the time purchased, and place from which the same shall have been imported into the United States, to be appraised, estimated and ascertained, and the number of such yards, parcels, or quantities, and such actual value of every of them, as the case may require: and it shall, in every such case, be the duty of the appraisers ofthe United States, and every of them, and of every other person who shall act as such appraiser, by all the reasonable ways or means in his or their power, to ascertain, estimate, and appraise the true and actual value, any invoice or affidavit thereto to the contrary notwithstanding, of the said goods, wares, and merchandise, at the time purchased, and place from whence the same shall have been imported into the United States, and the number of such yards, parcels, or quantities, and such actual value of every of them as the case may require; and all such goods, wares, and merchandise, being manufactures of wool, or whereof wool shall be a component part, which shall be imported into the United States in an unfinished condition, shall, in every such appraisal, be taken, deemed and estimated by the said appraisers, and every of them, and every person who shall act as such appraiser, to have been, at the time purchased, and place from whence the same were imported into the United States, of as great actual value as if the same had been entirely finished: Provided, That in all cases where any goods, wares, or merchandise, subject to ad valorem duty, or whereon the duty is or shall be by law regulated by, or be directed to be estimated or levied upon, the value of the square yard, or any other quantity or parcel thereof, shall have been imported into the United States from a country other than that in which the same were manufactured or produced, the appraisers shall value the same at the current value thereof at the time of purchase, before such last exportation to the United States, in the country where the same may have been originally manufactured or produced.

SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the appraisers to call before them, and examine, upon oath, any owner, importer, consignee, or other person, touching any matter or thing which they may deem material in ascertaining the true value of any merchandise imported, and to require the production on oath, to the collector, or to any permanent appraiser, of any letters, accounts, or invoices, in his possession, relating to the same, for which purpose they are hereby authorized to administer oaths. And if any person so called shall fail to attend, or shall decline to answer, or to produce such papers when so required, he shall forfeit and pay to the United States fifty dollars; and if such person be the owner, importer or consignee, the appraisement which the said appraisers may make of the goods, wares, or merchandise, shall be final and conclusive, any act of Congress to the contrary notwithstanding. And any person who shall swear falsely on such examination, shall be deemed guilty of perjury; and if he be the owner, importer, or consignee, the merchandise shall be forfeited.

SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury, under the direction of the President of the United States, from time to time, to establish such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the laws of the United States, as the President of the United States shall think proper, to secure a just, faithful, and impartial appraisal of all goods, wares, and merchandise, as aforesaid, imported into the United States, and just and proper entries of such actual value thereof, and of the square yards, parcels, or other quantities, as the case may require, and of such actual value of every of them; and it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to report all such rules and regulations, with the reasons therefor, to the then next session of Congress.

SEC. 10. And be it further enacted. That an addition of ten per centum shall be made to the several rates of duties by this act imposed, in respect to all goods, wares and merchandise, on the importation of which, in American or foreign vessels, a specific discrimination has not already been made, which, from and after the third day of March aforesaid, shall be imported in ships or vessels not of the United States: Provided, That this additional duty shall not apply to goods, wares, and merchandise which shall be imported after said day in ships or vessels not of the United States, entitled by treaty, or by an act or acts of Congress, to be entered in the ports of the United States, on the payment of the same duties as shall then be paid on goods, wares, and merchandise imported in ships or vessels of the United States.

SEC. 11. And be it further enacted, That there shall be allowed a drawback of the duties by this act imposed, on goods, wares, and merchandise, which shall be imported from and after the said third day of March, upon the exportation thereof, within the time and in the manner prescribed in the existing laws at the time: Provided, no drawback shall be allowed on a less quantity of cordage than five tons.

SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the existing laws at the time shall extend to, and be in force for, the collection of the duties imposed by this act, on goods, wares, and merchandise which shall be imported into the United States from and after the said third day of March; and for the recovery, collection, distribution, and remission of all fines, penalties, and forfeitures, and for the allowance of drawbacks by this act authorized, as fully and effectually as if every regulation, restriction, penalty, forfeiture, provision, clause, matter, and thing in the then existing laws contained, had been inserted in, and re-enacted by this act; and that so much of any act which is contrary to this act, shall be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That whenever goods composed wholly, or in part, of wool or cotton of similar kind, but different quality, are found, in the same packages, charged at an average price, it shall be the duty of the appraisers to adopt the value of the best article contained in such package, and so charged, as the average value of the whole; and that so much of the act entitled "An act for the more effectual collection of the impost duties," approved the twenty-eighth May, one thousand eight hundred and thirty, as requires the appraisers to adopt the value of the best article contained in a package as the average value of the whole, be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That whenever, upon the opening and examination of any package or packages of imported goods, composed wholly, or in part, of wool or cotton, in the manner provided by the fourth section of the act for the more effectual collection of the impost duties, approved on twenty-eighth day of May, one thousand eight hundred and thirty, the said goods shall be found not to correspond with the entry thereof at the custom-house; and if any package shall be found to contain any article not entered, such article shall be forfeited; or if the package be made up with intent to evade or defraud the revenue, the package shall be forfeited; and so much of the said section as prescribes a forfeiture of goods found not to correspond with the invoice thereof, be, and the same is hereby, repealed.

SEC. 15. And be it further enacted, That, from and after the said third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, the ad valorem rates of duty on goods, wares, and merchandise, shall be estimated in the manner following: to the actual cost, if the same shall have been actually purchased, or the actual value, if the same shall have been procured otherwise than by purchase, at the time and place when and where purchased, or otherwise procured, or to the appraised value, if appraised, shall be added all charges, except insurance.

SEC. 16. And be it further enacted, That, from and after the said third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, in calculating the rates of duties, the pound sterling shall be considered and taken as of the value of four dollars and eighty cents.

SEC. 17. And be it further enacted, That syrup imported in casks, and all syrup for making sugar, shall be rated by weight, and pay the same duty as the sugar of which it is composed would pay in its natural state; and that loaf or lump sugar, when imported in a pulverized, liquid, or other form, shall pay the same duty as is imposed by law on loaf or lump sugar; and all fossil and crude mineral salt shall pay fifteen per centum ad valorem.

SEC. 18. And be it further enacted, That the several articles enumerated in this bill, whether imported before or after the passage thereof, may be put into the custom-house stores, under the bond of the importer or owner; and such of said articles as shall remain under the control of the proper officer of the customs on the third day of March, eighteen hundred and thirty-three, shall be subject to no other duty than if the same were imported, respectively, after that day. And if the duties or any part thereof on the articles deposited as aforesaid shall have been paid previous to the said third day of March, the amount so paid shall be refunded to the person importing and depositing the said articles: Provided, That this section shall apply to merchandise in original packages which may have been entered and taken into the possession of the importer or owner; upon condition that the said merchandise be placed under the custody of the proper officer of the customs, and that the same shall remain under his control on the third day of March next: And provided further, That the Secretary of the Treasury be authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry this section into effect.

APPROVED, July 14, 1832.