characters

#1. Plant: <foliage fall>/
1. evergreen/
2. deciduous/
#2. Plant: <growth form>/
1. erect/
2. procumbent/
#3. Plant: <life form>/
1. shrub/
2. tree/
#4. Plant: <height of the plant>/
m high/
#5. Plant: <distribution of female and male cones>/
1. monoecious/
2. dioecious/
#6. Trunk: <width of trunk>/
m wide/
#7. Bark: <colour of trunk (bark)>/
1. white/
2. grey/
3. green/
4. red/
5. brown/
6. black/
#8. Bark: <surface structure of bark>/
1. smooth - scaly/
2. furrowed/
3. peeling off in strands/
4. divided in plates/
#9. Crown: <density of crown of rather young plants>/
1. dense/
2. rather open/
#10. Crown: <crown outline of rather young plants>/
1. columnar to narrowly conical (pyramidal)/
2. widely conical (pyramidal)/
3. globose - irregular/
4. procumbent/
#11. Branches: <orientation of branches>/
1. ascending/
2. horizontal/
3. drooping/
#12. Branchlets: <width of ultimate branchlets of the season>/
mm wide/
#13. Branchlets: <length of ultimate branchlets of the season>/
mm long/
#14. Branchlets: <orientation of branchlets in space> <sl>/
1. arranged 3-dimensionally/
2. arranged in one plane/
#15. Branchlets: <thickness of branchlets> <Cupressus, Juniperus*, Xanthocyparis>/
1. stout/
2. slender/
#16. Branchlets: <relative length of branchlets> <Cupressus, Juniperus*, Xanthocyparis>/
1. long/
2. short/
#17. Branchlets: <outline in cross section of adult ultimate branchlets>/
1. in cross-section flattened/
2. in cross-section triangular/
3. in cross-section roundish/
4. in cross-section quadrangular/
#18. Branchlets: <difference between upper side and lower side> <Libocedrus*>/
1. difference between upper side and lower side/
2. no difference between upper side and lower side/
#19. Branchlets: <difference between upper side and lower side II> <Libocedrus*>/
1. upper side convex, lower side concave/
2. only little difference between lateral and facial leaves/
#20. Branchlets: <presence of conspicuous marking on lower side of branchlets> <dl>/
1. with white or glaucous marking/
2. without white or glaucous marking/
#21. Leaves: <existence of adult and juvenile foliage on adult plants>/
1. only adult foliage on adult plants/
2. adult and juvenile foliage on adult plants/
#22. Leaves: <form of leaves>/
1. needle-like (awl-shaped: rounded in cross-section)/
2. needle-like (linear: flattened in cross-section)/
3. scaly/
#23. Leaves: <odour when bruised> <Thuja*, Platycladus>/
1. smell aromatic/
2. smell not aromatic/
#24. Leaves: <arrangement of leaves>/
1. arranged spirally/
2. arranged oppositely/
3. arranged in whorls of 3/
4. arranged in whorls of 4/
#25. Needle leaves: <length of needle leaves on ultimate branchlets> <nl>/
mm long/
#26. Needle leaves: <width of needle leaves on ultimate branchlets> <nl>/
mm wide/
#27. Needle leaves: <arrangement of needle leaves> <nl>/
1. arranged spirally/
2. arranged oppositely/
3. arranged in whorls of 3/
4. arranged in whorls of 4/
#28. Needle leaves: <spirally arranged needle leaves on ultimate branchlets> <nl>/
1. arranged in 2 rows, exact in one plane/
2. arranged in 2 rows, not exact in one plane/
3. arranged in 3 rows/
4. arranged in 5 rows/
#29. Needle leaves: <opposite arranged needle leaves> <nl>/
1. arranged in 2 rows/
2. arranged in 4 rows/
#30. Needle leaves: <proximity from needle leaf to axis> <nl>/
1. spreading/
2. slightly spreading/
3. pressed/
#31. Needle leaves: <colour of needle leaves> <nl>/
1. bright green/
2. dark green/
3. green with whitish coating (somewhat bluish)/
#32. Needle leaves: <tip of needle leaves> <nl>/
1. tip blunt/
2. tip acute/
#33. Needle leaves: <dorsal side of needle leaf> <Juniperus*>/
1. dorsal side rounded/
2. dorsal side keeled/
#34. Needle leaves: <white stripes on the upper side of needle leaves> <nl>/
1. with one narrow white stripe/
2. with one wide white stripe/
3. with two white stripes/
4. without any white stripes/
#35. Needle leaves: <character of leaf base> <Juniperus*>/
1. decurrent and not jointed at the base/
2. not decurrent and jointed at the base/
#36. Needle leaves: <number of stomata rows on the abaxial side> <Cunninghamia>/
1. with 7-15 stomata rows/
2. with 16-28 stomata rows/
#37. Scale leaves: <length of scale leaves on ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
mm long/
#38. Scale leaves: <width of scale leaves on ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
mm wide/
#39. Scale leaves: <arrangement of scale leaves on ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
1. arranged spirally/
2. arranged oppositely/
3. arranged in whorls of 3/
4. arranged in whorls of 4/
#40. Scale leaves: <colour of branchlets with scale leaves> <sl>/
1. bright green/
2. middle - dark green/
3. green with coating (somewhat bluish)/
#41. Scale leaves: <proximity from (facial) scale leaves to axis on ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
1. spreading/
2. apically spreading or loosely spreading/
3. closely appressed/
#42. Scale leaves: <scale leave types> <sl>/
1. only one leaf type (no differentiation in lateral and facial leaves = monomorphic)/
2. two leaf types (differentiation in lateral and facial leaves = dimorphic)/
#43. Scale leaves: <tip of (facial) scale leaves on ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
1. tip blunt/
2. tip acute/
#44. Scale leaves: <resin gland on dorsal side of ultimate branchlets> <sl>/
1. with conspicuous white resin/
2. with conspicuous glands/
3. with inconspicuous or without glands/
#45. Scale leaves: <white resin on dorsal side of ultimate branchlets> <Chamaecyparis, Cupressus, Juniperus*, Xanthocyparis>/
1. with white resin/
2. without white resin/
#46. Scale leaves: <scale leaves on leading shoots with resin glands> <Chamaecyparis, Thuja, Platycladus>/
1. with resin glands on leading shoots/
2. without resin glands on leading shoots/
#47. Scale leaves: <dorsal side of scale leaves> <Callitris, Cupressus, Juniperus*, Xanthocyparis>/
1. dorsal side rounded/
2. dorsal side keeled/
#48. Scale leaves: <margin of scale leaves> <Athrotaxis, Juniperus*>/
1. with entire margin/
2. with serrate margin/
#49. Scale leaves: <tip of scale leaves I> <Actinostrobus*>/
1. tip hooked/
2. tip straight/
#50. Scale leaves: <tip of scale leaves II> <Cupressus, Juniperus*>/
1. tip curved outwards/
2. tip curved inwards/
#51. Scale leaves: <touching the following leaves> <Libocedrus*>/
1. tip of facial leaves touch the base of following facial leaves/
2. facial leaves don't touch following facial leaves/
#52. Lateral leaves: <length of lateral leaves> <dl>/
mm long/
#53. Lateral leaves: <length ratio between facial and lateral leaves> <dl>/
1. length ratio between facial and lateral leaves more or less equal/
2. length ratio between facial and lateral leaves conspicuous unequal/
#54. Lateral leaves: <position of lateral leaves> <dl>/
1. adjoined/
2. not adjoined/
#55. Lateral leaves: <tip of lateral leaves I> <Thujopsis>/
1. not curved at the apex/
2. curved at the apex/
#56. Lateral leaves: <tip of lateral leaves II> <Thuja, Thujopsis, Libocedrus*>/
1. tip blunt/
2. tip acute/
#57. Lateral leaves: <wide of stomata row on upper side of lateral leaves> <Calocedrus*>/
1. stomata row three or four stomata wide/
2. stomata row one or two stomata wide/
#58. Facial leaves: <length of facial leaves> <dl>/
mm long/
#59. Facial leaves: <furrow on facial leaves on branchlets> <Thuja, Platycladus>/
1. with furrow on facial leaves/
2. without furrow on facial leaves/
#60. Male cones: <length of male cones>/
mm long/
#61. Male cones: <width of male cones>/
mm wide/
#62. Male cones: <distribution of male cones on branchlets>/
1. several together/
2. at close quarters/
3. solitary/
#63. Male cones: <number of male cone scales per cone>/
male cone scales/
#64. Male cones: <number of male cone scale whorls per cone>/
male cone scale whorls/
#65. Male cones: <form of male cones>/
1. globose/
2. ovoid/
3. oblong/
#66. Male cones: <colour of pollen sacs during pollination>/
1. yellow or light brown/
2. red or orange/
#67. Male cone scales: <arrangement of male cone scales>/
1. arranged spirally/
2. arranged oppositely/
3. arranged in whorls of 3/
4. arranged in whorls of 4/
#68. Male cone scales: <number of pollen sacs per male cone scale>/
pollen sacs per male cone scale/
#69. Female cones: <length of female cones I>/
mm long/
#70. Female cones: <length of female cones II> <Actinostrobus>/
1. approx. as long as broad/
2. approx. 1.5 times as long as broad/
#71. Female cones: <width of female cones>/
mm wide/
#72. Female cones: <number of female cone scales per cone>/
cone scales/
#73. Female cones: <number of female cone scale whorls>/
cone scale whorls per cone/
#74. Female cones: <form of female cones>/
1. depressed-globose or 2-lobed/
2. globose/
3. ovoid/
4. oblong/
#75. Female cones: <opening modus>/
1. cone-like (open or disintegrate after maturity)/
2. berry-like (closed after maturity)/
#76. Female cones: <consistence of female cones when mature>/
1. fleshy/
2. leathery/
3. woody/
#77. Female cones: <female cones after maturity>/
1. disintegrate into several parts after maturity/
2. do not disintegrate after maturity/
#78. Female cones: <colour of female cones>/
1. light/
2. dark/
3. bluish/
4. reddish/
#79. Female cones: <colour of female cones II> <Juniperus>/
1. whitish (beneath whitish glaucous coating)/
2. reddish-yellow - reddish-brown (beneath glaucous coating or without glaucous coating)/
3. blue-green - dark blue - black (beneath glaucous coating or without glaucous coating)/
#80. Female cones: <colour of young female cones>/
1. young ones greenish/
2. young ones green with bluish coating/
3. young ones reddish/
#81. Female cones: <tip of mature female cones> <Actinostrobus>/
1. tip rounded/
2. tip acute/
#82. Female cones: <surface of female cones I> <Callitris, Widdringtonia>/
1. warty/
2. not warty/
#83. Female cones: <surface of female cones II> <Callitris*, Widdringtonia*>/
1. with only one wart near the top, or few warts/
2. warty only on the edge/
3. densely warty on the whole cone/
#84. Female cones: <surface of female cones III> <Juniperus*>/
1. with coating/
2. without coating/
#85. Female cones: <continuance of cones on branches after maturity> <Callitris*>/
1. persistent and holding seeds for several years after maturity/
2. shedding seeds and deciduous shortly after maturity/
#86. Female cones: <width of female-cone-bearing branchlets> <Callitris*>/
1. female-cone-bearing branchlets slender/
2. female-cone-bearing branchlets stout/
#87. Female cones: <form of the female-cone-bearing branchlets> <Calocedrus>/
1. female-cone-bearing branchlets terete or 4-angled and not like the branchlets without female cones/
2. female-cone-bearing branchlets flattened and like the branchlets without female cones/
#88. Female cones: <orientation of female-cone bearing branchlets> <Juniperus*>/
1. female-cone bearing-branchlets straight/
2. female-cone bearing-branchlets curved/
#89. Female cone scales: <arrangement of female cone scales>/
1. arranged spirally/
2. arranged oppositely/
3. arranged in whorls of 3/
4. arranged in whorls of 4/
#90. Female cone scales: <insertion point of female cone scales at cone axis> <without Juniperus>/
1. insert on different levels in mature cones/
2. insert on the same level in mature cones/
#91. Female cone scales: <fusion of the female cone scales> <Callitris>/
1. united at the base and forming a thick cone base/
2. separating almost to the base/
#92. Female cone scales: <opening width of female cone scales> <Callitris>/
1. spreading widely after opening/
2. not spreading widely after opening/
#93. Female cone scales: <several small additional female cone scales>/
1. with several small additional cone scales on the female cone/
2. without several small additional cone scales on the female cone/
#94. Female cone scales: <thickness of female cone scales>/
1. thin/
2. thick/
#95. Female cone scales: <proportions of female cone scales among each other> <Actinostrobus, Callitris, Neocallitropsis, Papuacedrus, Widdringtonia>/
1. almost equal/
2. unequal/
#96. Female cone scales: <tip of the female cone scales I>/
1. tip blunt/
2. tip acute/
#97. Female cone scales: <tip of the female cone scales II> <Actinostrobus*>/
1. tip straight/
2. tip hooked/
#98. Female cone scales: <presence of umbo or depression on dorsal side of female cone scales>/
1. umbo or depression present/
2. umbo or depression absent/
#99. Female cone scales: <form and size (ratio) of the umbo on dorsal side of female cone scales>/
1. with dorsal depression/
2. with small dorsal umbo/
3. with large dorsal umbo/
4. with very large dorsal umbo/
#100. Female cone scales: <position of the umbo or depression on dorsal side of female cone scales>/
1. umbo near the tip/
2. umbo more or less in the center or a little bit below the center/
#101. Female cone scales: <tip of the female cone scales> <Thujopsis>/
1. thickened at the tip/
2. not thickened at the tip/
#102. Female cone scales: <form of smaller female cone scales> <Callitris>/
1. smaller ones angled into a broad tip/
2. smaller ones tapering towards the tip/
#103. Female cone scales: <form of larger female cone scales> <Callitris>/
1. larger ones angled into a broad tip/
2. larger ones tapering towards the tip/
#104. Female cone scales: <dorsal furrow on female cone scales> <Callitris>/
1. with dorsal furrow below the tip/
2. without dorsal furrow below the tip/
#105. Columella: <presence of columella>/
1. present/
2. absent/
#106. Columella: <length of columella> <c>/
mm long/
#107. Columella: <form of columella> <c>/
1. simple (round or angled at the apex)/
2. simple (a flat, woody plate)/
3. apart (2-/3-/4-lobed, 2-/3-/4-partite)/
#108. Seeds: <length of seeds>/
mm long/
#109. Seeds: <width of seeds>/
mm wide/
#110. Seeds: <number of seeds per cone>/
seed(s) per cone/
#111. Seeds: <average number of seeds per cone>/
seed(s) per cone/
#112. Seeds: <colour of seeds>/
1. red/
2. light - middle brown/
3. dark brown - black/
#113. Seeds: <number of seeds per fertile cone scale>/
seeds per female cone scale/
#114. Seeds: <thickness of the seeds>/
1. thin/
2. thick/
#115. Seeds: <surface of the seeds> <Cupressus, Juniperus, Xanthocyparis>/
1. tubercled/
2. not tubercled/
#116. Seeds: <presence of conspicuous hilum>/
1. with conspicuous hilum/
2. without conspicuous hilum/
#117. Seed wings: <presence of seed wings> <s>/
1. present/
2. absent <sometimes only small rips>/
#118. Seed wings: <width of seed wings> <s>/
mm wide/
#119. Seed wings: <number of wings per seed> <s>/
1. 2 <wings>/
2. 3 <wings>/
3. 4 <wings>/
#120. Seed wings: <seed wing extent> <s>/
1. (almost) equal wings/
2. unequal wings/
#121. Supplement: <maturity of female cones>/
1. maturity in the first year/
2. maturity in the second year/
3. maturity in the third year/
#122. Supplement: <number of cotyledones>/
cotyledones/
#123. Supplement: <number of chromosomes>/
chromosomes/
#124. Cultivation: <cultivation in Germany>/
1. cultivated in Germany/
2. not cultivated in Germany/
#125. Cultivation: <place of cultivation in Germany>/
1. cultivated outside in Ruhr area (hardy in winter on zone 7)/
2. cultivated inside in Ruhr area (not hardy in winter on zone 7)/
#127. IUCN Red List: <IUCN Red List of threatened plants>/
1. extinct/
2. extinct/endangered/
3. endangered/
4. vulnerable/
5. rare/
6. indeterminate/
7. not listed/
[126 and 128 not mentioned here]